- Термодинамические свойства некоторых веществ
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Название вещества
(формула)Стандартная
теплота
образования,
кДж/мольЭнтропия,
Дж/К·мольЭнергия
Гиббса,
кДж/мольМолярная
теплоемкость, Дж/моль·КAg (s) 0 0 42.55 25.351 Ag+ (aq) +105.58 +77.11 72.68 21.8 Al (s) 0 0 28.33 24.35 Al3+ (aq) –531 –485 –321.7 Ba (s) 0 0 62.8 28.07 Ba2+ (aq) –537.64 –560.77 9.6 Br2 (l) 0 0 152.23 75.689 Br2 (g) +30.907 +3.110 245.46 Br- (aq) –121.55 –103.96 82.4 –141.8 HBr (g) –36.40 –53.45 198.70 29.142 C (s, графит) 0 0 5.740 8.527 C (s, алмаз) +1.895 +2.900 2.377 6.113 C (g) +716.68 +671.26 158.10 20.838 CO (g) –110.53 –137.17 197.67 29.14 CO2 (g) –393.51 –394.36 213.74 37.11 HCO3- (aq) –691.99 –586.77 91.2 CO32- (aq) –677.14 –527.81 –56.9 Ca (s) 0 0 41.42 25.31 Ca2+ (aq) –542.83 –553.58 –53.1 CaO (s) –635.09 –604.03 39.75 42.80 CaCO3 (s, кальцит) –1206.9 –1128.8 92.9 81.88 CaCO3 (s, арагонит) –1207.1 –1127.8 88.7 81.25 Cl2 (g) 0 0 223.07 33.91 Cl (g) +121.68 +105.68 165.20 21.84 Cl- (aq) –167.16 –131.23 56.5 –136.4 HCl (g) –92.31 –95.30 186.91 29.12 Cu (s) 0 0 33.150 24.44 Cu+ (aq) +71.67 +49.98 40.6 Cu2+ (aq) +64.77 +65.49 –99.6 F2 (g) 0 0 202.78 31.30 F (g) +78.99 +61.91 158.75 22.74 F- (aq) –332.63 –278.79 –13.8 HF (g) –271.1 –273.2 173.78 29.13 Fe (s) 0 0 27.28 25.10 Fe2+ (aq) –89.1 –78.90 –137.7 Fe3+ (aq) –48.5 –4.7 –315.9 Fe3О4 (s, магнетит) –1118.4 –1015.4 146.4 143.43 Fe2О3 (s, гематит) –824.2 –742.2 87.40 103.85 H2 (g) 0 0 130.684 28.824 H (g) +217.97 +203.25 114.71 20.784 H+ (aq) 0 0 0 0 H2O (l) –285.83 –237.13 69.91 75.291 H2O (g) –241.82 –228.57 188.83 33.58 Hg (l) 0 0 76.02 27.983 Hg2+ (aq) +171.1 +164.40 –32.2 Hg22+ (aq) +172.4 +153.52 84.5 I2 (s) 0 0 116.135 54.44 I2 (g) +62.44 +19.33 260.69 36.90 I (g) +106.84 +70.25 180.79 20.786 I- (aq) –55.19 –51.57 111.3 –142.3 HI (g) +26.48 +1.70 206.59 29.158 K (s) 0 0 64.18 29.58 K+ (aq) –252.38 –283.27 102.5 21.8 KOH (s) –424.76 –379.08 78.9 64.9 Mg (s) 0 0 32.68 24.89 Mg2+ (aq) –466.85 –454.8 –138.1 MgO (s) –601.70 –569.43 26.94 37.15 MgCO3 (s) –1095.8 –1012.1 65.7 75.52 N2 (g) 0 0 191.61 29.125 N (g) +472.70 +455.56 153.30 20.786 NO (g) +90.25 +86.55 210.76 29.844 NO2 (g) +33.18 +51.31 240.06 37.20 N2O5 (s) –43.1 +113.9 178.2 143.1 HNO3 (l) –174.10 –80.71 155.60 109.87 NO3- (aq) –205.0 –108.74 146.4 –86.6 NH3 (g) –46.11 –16.45 192.45 35.06 NH4+ (aq) –132.51 –79.31 113.4 79.9 Na (s) 0 0 51.21 28.24 Na+ (aq) –240.12 –261.91 59.0 46.4 NaOH (s) –425.61 –379.49 64.46 59.54 O2 (g) 0 0 205.138 29.355 O3 (g) +142.7 +163.2 238.93 39.20 O (g) +249.17 +231.73 161.06 21.912 OH- (aq) –229.99 –157.24 –10.75 –148.5 P (s, белый) 0 0 41.09 23.840 PH3 (g) +5.4 +13.4 210.23 37.11 H3PO4 (s) –1279.0 –1119.1 110.50 106.06 PO43- (aq) –1277.4 –1018.7 –222 P4O10 (s) –2984.0 –2697.0 228.86 211.71 S (s, ромбич.) 0 0 31.80 22.64 S (s, моноклин.) +0.33 +0.1 32.6 23.6 S2- (aq) +33.1 +85.8 –14.6 SO2 (g) –296.83 –300.19 248.22 39.87 SO3 (g) –395.72 –371.06 256.76 50.67 H2SO4 (l) –813.99 –690.00 156.90 138.9 SO42- (aq) –909.27 –744.53 20.1 –293 HSO4- (aq) –887.34 –755.91 131.8 –84 H2S (g) –20.63 –33.56 205.79 34.23 HS- (aq) –17.6 +12.08 62.08 Zn (s) 0 0 41.63 25.40 Zn2+ (aq) –153.89 –147.06 –112.1 46 ZnO (s) –348.28 –318.30 43.64 40.25
Химический справочник. 2014.
